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Racy Building Strategies-40 |
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1 While connecting the building manhole to main pipeline manhole, see that the connecting pipe runs along the direction of flow of sewage and not against it. Never tap the main sewerage pipeline. Connect the ICs or manhole of the house to a manhole only, how far it may be from your house. Also always take care that no water supply line passes through an Inspection Chamber or manhole.
2 For ventilation, extend all soil pipes vertically to the roof and raise their height by at least 6 feet above the terrace level if the terrace is accessible and by 2’3” if terrace is inaccessible. Though these pipes look ugly, height of soil vent pipes can not be reduced. However keep height of vent pipes provided with waste water pipes as lesser than parapet so that these are not visible in the front elevation. Provide cowls over the open mouths of all pipes extending above terrace level. While extending these pipes above the terrace, see that these don’t cause any foul smell in the neighboring houses. In that case, you may have to further raise the height of these pipes.
3 Never keep the diameter of soil pipes as less than 100 mm and always provide them with HCI heel rest bends for proper support. Fix all heel rest bends in 1:2:4 concrete. Always prefer long radius bends to allow easy flow of waste inside pipes. These days, concealing of pipes in walls is increasingly being replaced by carrying them in shafts with openings at pipe joint levels for maintenance purposes. Make this provision if possible.
4 Provide no Gully Trap inside a building. At the most, it can be in a verandah. Provide no Inspection Chamber (IC) or Manhole (MH) inside a building or a verandah. All ICs and MHs should be kept in the open area around a building. As far as possible, keep these away from the passages also.
5 Wherever sewerage system has not been provided in a locality, the house has to establish its own disposal system by constructing a septic tank and a soakage pit of suitable capacity. Construction of a septic tank and soakage pit is costly and these require periodic cleaning also. Therefore, always prefer to build your house in a locality where sewerage lines have been laid by the local body and the sewerage and drainage of the house are just to be connected to main system.
6 While using concealed PVC pipes for sanitary work, must take care that their exact location inside the walls is clearly marked on the walls. As these pipes mostly run inside bathroom and kitchen walls, light markings provided on the walls will not look ugly. Often, there arises a necessity of driving a nail or hook in a wall. If the markings are not available, a nail or hook driven in the wall may puncture the PVC pipe running inside it, causing a serious problem for the house owner.
7 Great care should be taken in choosing the Floor traps. Ask for self cleansing type traps. Floor traps are fixed in the floors to take waste water to waste pipes. CI floor traps should be IS 1729 or IS 3989 marked. Always check the water seal of Floor traps. It must be deep and not less than 40 mm. Deep seal will not allow foul smell to travel from the pipes to the rooms. Water seal is not the depth of standing water in the floor trap. It is measured from water level to the trap tongue dipped in water. Floor traps should be in perfect level and well set in 1:2:4 concrete laid under and around them. Provide all Cast Iron traps with CP brass hinged gratings with frames to avoid flow of garbage or hair-locks into them.
8 Use Stone Ware pipes (S.W. pipes) for connection between Inspection Chambers and Manholes. Choose SW Pipes carefully. Always look for IS 651 mark. ISI marked pipes pass a hydraulic test and their glazing is proper. Choose a reputed make like ‘Perfect’. Proper glazing of SW pipes, both on inner as well as outer face makes them water proof. Pipe lengths are 2 feet, 2.5 feet and 3 feet. Choose required lengths to match the distance between IC and Manhole and to avoid wastage. Check for no cracks or broken edges. See that the pipes produce a sharp clear sound when struck lightly. This tells of good burning. Each pipe should have one spigot end and one socket end. All SW fittings such as bends, junctions, taper bends etc should also carry IS 651 mark.
Happy building!
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Tip of the Moment
Consult a structural engineer and decide whether to use Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) or Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC).
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